The range( ) function

• It generates a list of numbers, which is generally used to iterate over with for loop. 
• range( ) function uses three types of parameters, which are: 
• start: Starting number of the sequence.
• stop: Generate numbers up to, but not including last number.
• step: Difference between each number in the sequence. 

Python use range( ) function in three ways: 

1. range(stop)
2. range(start, stop)
3. range(start, stop, step) 

Note: 

• All parameters must be integers. 
• All parameters can be positive or negative.

1. range(stop): By default, It starts from 0 and increments by 1 and ends up to stop, but not including stop value. 

Example: 

for x in range(4): 

print(x) 

Output: 

0 

1 

2 

3 

2. range(start, stop): It starts from the start value and up to stop, but not including stop value. 

Example: 

for x in range(2, 6): 

print(x) 

Output: 

2 

3 

4 

5 

3. range(start, stop, step): Third parameter specifies to increment or decrement the value by adding or subtracting the value. 

Example: 

for x in range(3, 8, 2): 

print(x) 

Output: 

3 

5 

7

Explanation of output: 

3 is starting value, 8 is stop value and 2 is step value. First print 3 and increase it by 2, that is 5, again increase is by 2, that is 7. The output can’t exceed stop-1 value that is 8 here. So, the output is 3, 5, 8. 

Difference between range( ) and xrange( ):